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''Majulah Singapura'' ((英語:Onward Singapore); ; (タミル語:முன்னேறட்டும் சிங்கப்பூர்)) is the national anthem of Singapore. Composed by Zubir Said in 1958 as a theme song for official functions of the City Council of Singapore, the song was selected in 1959 as the island's anthem when it attained self-government. Upon full independence in 1965, ''Majulah Singapura'' was formally adopted as Singapore's national anthem. By law the anthem may only be sung with its original Malay lyrics, although there exist authorised translations of the lyrics of the anthem in Singapore's three other official languages: English, Mandarin and Tamil.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://app.singapore.sg/about-singapore/national-symbols/national-anthem )〕〔, Art. 153A: "Malay, Mandarin, Tamil and English shall be the 4 official languages in Singapore."〕 Originally composed in the key of G major, in 2001 the national anthem was officially relaunched in the lower key of F major as this was said to allow for a "grander and more inspiring arrangement". The national anthem is regularly performed or sung in schools and armed forces camps at ceremonies held at the beginning and/or the end of each day, during which the national flag is also raised and lowered and the national pledge is taken. Singaporeans are especially encouraged to sing the national anthem on occasions of national celebration or national significance such as at the National Day Parade, at National Day observance ceremonies conducted by educational institutions and government departments, and at sporting events at which Singapore teams are participating. == History == The composition of ''Majulah Singapura'' occurred during a push for independence from the United Kingdom. While Singapore was a British colony, its national anthem was "God Save the King (or Queen)". In 1951, the colony was conferred city status by a royal charter from King George VI. In 1958, Ong Pang Boon, the Deputy Mayor of the City Council of Singapore, approached Zubir Said, a score arranger and songwriter with Cathay-Keris Film Productions, to compose a theme song for the Council's official functions to be titled ''Majulah Singapura'' (Malay for "Onward Singapore"). This phrase was chosen as it was a motto to be displayed in the Victoria Theatre after its renovation in 1958.〔.〕〔.〕 Zubir took a year to finish composing the music and lyrics for the song. In a 1984 oral history interview, he recalled the process: "()he difficulty is in such a short melody, I have to put in all the words ... ()t must be very simple, understandable for all the races in Singapore ... I consult also an author in Malay language so that I can do it in proper Malay language but not too deep and not too difficult."〔. See .〕 Summing up his philosophy when composing the anthem, Zubir cited the Malay proverb "''Di mana bumi dipijak, di situ langit dijunjung''" ("You should hold up the sky of the land where you live").〔''Zubir Said (history interview )'', above: .〕 The completed composition was first performed on 6 September 1958 by the Singapore Chamber Ensemble during the grand finale of a concert staged in the Victoria Theatre to celebrate its official reopening.〔.〕 In 1959, Singapore attained self-government and the City Council was dissolved. The Government felt that a national anthem was needed to unite the different races in Singapore. The Deputy Prime Minister Toh Chin Chye selected the City Council's song as it was already popular. At Toh's request, Zubir modified the lyrics and melody,〔 and the revised song was adopted by the Legislative Assembly on 11 November 1959. On 30 November the Singapore State Arms and Flag and National Anthem Ordinance 1959〔Singapore State Arms and Flag and National Anthem Ordinance 1959 (No. 70 of 1959), now the .〕 was passed to regulate the use and display of these national emblems. ''Majulah Singapura'' was formally introduced to the nation on 3 December when Yusof bin Ishak was inaugurated as the ''Yang di-Pertuan Negara'', Singapore's head of state. At the same occasion, which also marked the launch of "Loyalty Week", the national flag and the state crest were introduced. After Singapore's full independence from Malaysia on 9 August 1965, ''Majulah Singapura'' was formally adopted as the Republic's national anthem.〔.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Majulah Singapura」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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